Feasibility Study On Le Diner Restaurant

Practicality Study On Le Diner Restaurant There are different methodologies that can be intentional for considering venture practicality and indispensable thought vital for every achievability techniques. The motivation behind this investigation isn't to take care of the issue, yet to choose whether the issue merits settling. It incorporates tests, for example, Operational, Technical, Economic and Schedule achievability. Operational plausibility study tests the operational scope of the new data framework before it will be set up. The mentioned new framework must have high operational achievability and the convenience will be high also. With the beginning of the new framework, will the eateries workers (servers, proprietors) be completely engaged with making and handling the new framework? Is the current paper-based framework popular and proficiently and adequately been utilized, and would they say they are open to utilizing the current framework? Do the servers and the proprietors Frank Anderson, Gina Wong and Wayne OConner bolster the task? Will they see the requirement for an alteration for the current paper-based framework? Will there be any new solicitation from the proprietors utilizing the framework or required any new alterations after the new framework been made? Will the new framework be secure from infections? Also, no further changes will be made later on? Specialized Feasibility This attainability study thinks about the specialized necessities of the new proposed framework for the café which will adequately fulfill the representatives. Contemplations of the specialized necessities are then contrasted with the specialized capacity of the eatery. Programming, equipment and system settings must be introduced in part of the new framework innovation; can the Le Diner Restaurant get those sorts on creation? Will there be a model for the new framework, and will there be a preliminary to take a stab at before building the genuine framework? Do the staff and proprietors have what it takes and involvement with different words down to earth information in IT; do they have an IT foundation? If not, would it be able to be learned and educated? Will the new framework join with other organization data frameworks? Will the blend of equipment and programming gracefully adequate daily practice and execution? Does the new framework accessible and has been made by other IT proficient previously and does the innovation even exists by any stretch of the imagination? Financial Feasibility Financial possibility includes a technique and furthermore a push to ensure whether it is reliable and liable to finish. This attainability essentially assessing the productivity of the new framework, where it broke down the new framework expenses and livelihoods just as advantages of the proposed framework and whether it will be more noteworthy than its lifetime costs, at the end of the day it must be a precise weigh for the expense versus the advantages before making any move. To decide the complete expense of possession, estimation costs must be accomplished for: The administration, IT group and workers Preparing work force Equipment, for example, required work area, CPU and programming, for example, the necessary application to construct the new framework demand which are the stock control programming and retail location programming. The evaluated costs for delaying the undertaking Permit and charges Counseling costs Office costs Introducing the framework Change of document An examination that should be considered is as per the following: Will the new framework be financially savvy? Which means will it merit the cost to be spent for the new framework to be actualized? Giving a premise to looking at improvements. Correlation between the complete anticipated expense of each segment against the absolute anticipated advantages, to see whether the advantages exceed the expenses and by how much. Will the framework be promising or conceivable with the given asset imperatives, Resource requirements is a significant assets that IT groups need to design and oversee on customary premise are machines, materials, individuals and working capital. Clearly, in the event that these assets are accessible in plenitude, at that point the task could be quickened to accomplish shorter undertaking span. Other than the significance of costs, monetary possibility likewise assesses substantial and elusive advantages to the café. Unmistakable Benefits They are the expenses for which it is doled out on a particular money related worth and estimated in Dollar ($) esteem. For this situation the new framework stock programming Another client requesting framework and food readiness framework for all intents and purposes utilizing the retail location. The new framework will in the long run help to decrease the utilization of paper and furthermore will consequently spare costs spent. Spending plan spared from purchasing another cabinet for the records to be filled in. With the new framework the eatery will have an expansion of benefit due to quick administrations. The new framework will be valuable for the servers from various perspectives, for example, another food requesting framework where theyre utilizing Portable Device Assistance. Impalpable Benefits Extra time for the representatives will be kill The servers will make the most of their work with the assistance of Portable Device Assistance (P.D.A), where they can make their work increasingly productive and simple. It will make a workplace which is easy and less labor required in light of the fact that the new framework is in its least complex type of use. Calendar Feasibility Calendar Feasibility is a thought and coordinated effort among time and expenses. It is additionally the likelihood of the timetables time period for the new framework being finished inside its normal due date. On the off chance that the framework has a high chance of fruition by the picked due date, at that point this attainability is viewed as high. The café the executives need to set up a firm plan for the undertaking, will they built up such schedule? Can the eatery or IT group control the perspectives that will inevitably affected calendar possibility? What are conditions must be fulfilled during the improvement of the framework? Will a quickened plan represent any dangers? Assuming this is the case, are the dangers satisfactory? Will extend the executives strategies be accessible to arrange and control the venture? Assignment 2 Assignment 2 Feasibility Report LE DINER To: Steering Committee From: Mohammad Sueib canister Suhaimi, Assistant Project Leader Date: eleventh April 2013 Subject: Feasibility Report of the new framework for Le Diner Italian Restaurant Presentation I, Mohammad Sueib canister Suhaimi led and examine the distinctive framework models in regards to about the current framework and furthermore for the new framework. The primary reason for this achievability report is to conclude whether to build up the new framework and to decide whether the proposed arrangement is viable and practical with the help of the various measures of the attainability study. The following is the Background of the current arrangement of the eatery and furthermore the issues that emerges while directing the framework. There are issues that should be thought of and required some consideration and required essential changes all together for the eatery to have a superior and tedious framework that will work for the representatives. Existing System Foundation The Italian café is possessed and shared by three individuals whom are companions named Frank Anderson, Gina Wong and Wayne OConner. The café is respectably in size and as of now the framework is done physically by hand. The merchandise are sent to the secondary passage of the café and Frank check the products and update the stock log book each night after every day deals have been counts. The current client requesting framework is the place the servers of the eatery takes request from clients and compose it on request tickets and later been send to money counter to aggregate up, and next they send it to the kitchen where the requests are readied, when it has been readied the server will convey the food to the client and the request ticket will be put in into request ticket box. The tickets are evaluated daily and Frank makes some change in accordance with stock. Issue The primary issue of the current framework are fundamentally the utilized of hand and paper based framework which mistakes are happened consistently. In Addition, the stock frameworks are additionally paper-based, where it influences the provider conveyance request causing bother, making unavailable issues and affecting deals. At the point when the stock is low they need to reordered the merchandise where more often than not the time the executives is poor and not sorted out appropriately. Thus and now and again the nourishments are wrongly requested. The client requesting framework are likewise influenced on account of the framework, subsequently the request ticket are once in a while lost. Either never sent to the kitchen for get ready or never sent into the request tickets box. Thusly, the kitchen staff are battling to stay aware of the food readiness and ensuring the nourishments are set up at the right request, and recovered by the fitting server. Advantages of the New System The new framework will in the end help to lessen the utilization of paper and furthermore will naturally spared costs spent. Another requesting framework is the place the clients request will be diverted to the kitchen complete with the detail of the server that is submitting the request for various tables for various gatherings of client that feasted in the eatery, a gadget which is uniquely made for the café that in the long run will take out the utilization of paper and manual work by the servers. With the new requesting framework, food arrangement in the kitchen will be a lot simpler, smooth and legitimate. The new framework will catch the purpose of-deals information which is the data from a scanner tag information that will consequently amassed and gather the given information required for stock. Commonly, the data assembled would distinguish the products that are low in stock, at what costs, and when and where the exchange occurred. Therefore, it will dispose of the stock issues and stock issue. The framework is additionally spares time where it causes the server to handles orders simpler and legitimate. Blunt himself whos in control for the stock, the new framework will naturally spare, record and update all

International Business - Foreign Direct Investment Essay

Global Business - Foreign Direct Investment - Essay Example China despite everything holds and executes its approach that demoralizes or now and again bans entirely remote possessed venture. Certain elusive angles have been prescribed for remote financial specialists to place into thought so as to run a fruitful joint endeavor in China. These perspectives are culture, good judgment, law and comprehension of money which mutually supplement each other in China business condition. All through the 1980s up to mid-1990s, Chinese government administered inbound FDI chiefly through passage intercession where the administration underlined FDI venture confirmation in which the legislature had the option to control and impact FDI size, area, timing and at times accomplice determination. China method of managing outsiders which is incompletely contributed by the country’s culture and government arrangement to a great extent showed absence of involvement with managing most MNCs thus the vast majority of these enterprises stayed directed (Grosse p. 297). The worries of China’s government during this period to a great extent came to reflect guideline inclinations with regards to which enterprises ought to be opened to remote speculators and where FDI ought to be directed to. Most ordered laws and guidelines didn't allow MNCs all out control and activity controls rather these laws, rules and guidelines became to be related with how to control outside organization section into the nation’s advertise (Grosse p.297). Doing research in 1993 Erramilli and Rao noticed that joint endeavor as a favored passage mode by MNCs become fruitful when the social space is moderately enormous between the host and home nations. Further the creators discovered that there exist connection between joint endeavor passage mode with â€Å"the level of the host nation prosperity, the degree of host government limitations, and the degree of rivalry in the host country† (refered to in Jiang, Cristodoulou and Wei par.3 ). Simultaneously writing hypothesize that MNCs section mode choices is generally influenced and affected by the host country’s venture strategies. The ubiquity of joint endeavors in China has been appended to various reasons with mainstream one being â€Å"direct or backhanded government rules requiring them in a specific conditions to do so† (Jiang, Cristodoulou and Wei par.3). Further joint endeavors (JVs) in this nation have come about because of famous and broadly held conviction that JVs are probably going to work with Chinese metropolitan governments well absent a lot of contentions.

Enthusiasm for Research and Writing Passion can be Cultivated

Enthusiasm for Research and Writing Passion can be Cultivated Enthusiasm for Research and Writing: Passion can be Cultivated Enthusiasm for Research and Writing: Passion can be Cultivated Writing essays is usually perceived to be an exhausting and frustrating process, but it doesn’t have to be that way. A lot depends on your approach, especially finding a way to make it unique. Some people tackle the task casually, without stress or panic, some are said to have a natural talent for research and writing, while a majority have never been fond of this form of expression since elementary school and the advent of written homework assignments. But, if you would believe, there is a group of people who have an uncurbed passion and enthusiasm for research and writing. What is their secret? With a little guidance and a few useful tips anyone can enjoy conducting research and writing a quality essay. A recent study has shown that motivation for this can be found in structural approaches. If you know how to approach the process of researching and writing step by step, and if you properly understand what is expected of you throughout, writing essays can even be.. *gasp* exciting! The starting point of the writing process is a thoroughly investigated subject of writing with the use of Internet, libraries, encyclopaedias, academic books, discussions, the media, and everything else at your disposal which is a lot of sources to crunch! Researchers who enjoy this process do so because they see it as an opportunity to expand their knowledge by plunging themselves into the world of great thinkers. Not only do they look forward to elaborating on the chosen subject, but the entire topic and other possible future implications for research. Moreover, they see research as a creative process which helps boost their brainstorming, give rise to new ideas and ignite new ways to approach the subject at hand. At Homework Help USA, we have researchers on staff who find that following a strictly regimented plan or system is more rewarding. We also like to work with researchers who get enthused at the various possibilities by deviating from the routine, or at the promise of finding the elusive treasure trail. We always work to ensure that our clients are satisfied, no matter the approach. Most likely, writers and researchers that enjoy this work are driven because they get to exercise their wit, and exhibit a natural aptitude for sharp and inventive opinions and personal views in the process, and this propels them even more. Working on how to develop, elaborate on and strengthen original arguments, and determining whether those arguments can survive the debate or not (prove that it is valid) can be a thrilling mission, in particular if it concludes with a new discovery or a new research paradigm. And it is usually this process of discovery that fuels their keenness for research. Get in touch with our team of experts now to see how we can help you create an original piece of work that will stand above the rest. References: Headden, S., McKay, S. (2015, July). Motivation Matters: How New Research Can Help Teachers Boost Student Engagement. Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Retrieved August 23, 2015 from Enthusiasm for Research and Writing Passion can be Cultivated Enthusiasm for Research and Writing: Passion can be Cultivated Enthusiasm for Research and Writing: Passion can be Cultivated Writing essays is usually perceived to be an exhausting and frustrating process, but it doesn’t have to be that way. A lot depends on your approach, especially finding a way to make it unique. Some people tackle the task casually, without stress or panic, some are said to have a natural talent for research and writing, while a majority have never been fond of this form of expression since elementary school and the advent of written homework assignments. But, if you would believe, there is a group of people who have an uncurbed passion and enthusiasm for research and writing. What is their secret? With a little guidance and a few useful tips anyone can enjoy conducting research and writing a quality essay. A recent study has shown that motivation for this can be found in structural approaches. If you know how to approach the process of researching and writing step by step, and if you properly understand what is expected of you throughout, writing essays can even be.. *gasp* exciting! The starting point of the writing process is a thoroughly investigated subject of writing with the use of Internet, libraries, encyclopaedias, academic books, discussions, the media, and everything else at your disposal which is a lot of sources to crunch! Researchers who enjoy this process do so because they see it as an opportunity to expand their knowledge by plunging themselves into the world of great thinkers. Not only do they look forward to elaborating on the chosen subject, but the entire topic and other possible future implications for research. Moreover, they see research as a creative process which helps boost their brainstorming, give rise to new ideas and ignite new ways to approach the subject at hand. At Homework Help Canada, we have researchers on staff who find that following a strictly regimented plan or system is more rewarding. We also like to work with researchers who get enthused at the various possibilities by deviating from the routine, or at the promise of finding the elusive treasure trail. We always work to ensure that our clients are satisfied, no matter the approach. Most likely, writers and researchers that enjoy this work are driven because they get to exercise their wit, and exhibit a natural aptitude for sharp and inventive opinions and personal views in the process, and this propels them even more. Working on how to develop, elaborate on and strengthen original arguments, and determining whether those arguments can survive the debate or not (prove that it is valid) can be a thrilling mission, in particular if it concludes with a new discovery or a new research paradigm. And it is usually this process of discovery that fuels their keenness for research. Get in touch with our team of experts now to see how we can help you create an original piece of work that will stand above the rest. References: Headden, S., McKay, S. (2015, July). Motivation Matters: How New Research Can Help Teachers Boost Student Engagement. Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Retrieved August 23, 2015 from

Othello - The Tragic Hero Essay - 796 Words

Othello: The Tragic Hero In William Shakespeare’s Othello, Othello is the tragic hero. He is a character of high stature who is destroyed by his surroundings, his own actions, and his fate. His destruction is essentially precipitated by his own actions, as well as by the actions of the characters surrounding him. The tragedy of Othello is not a fault of a single villain, but is rather a consequence of a wide range of feelings, judgments and misjudgments, and attempts for personal justification exhibited by the characters. Othello is first shown as a hero of war and a man of great pride and courage. As the play continues, his character begins to deteriorate and become less noble. Chronologically through the play, Othello’s character†¦show more content†¦The power shown here is quite astounding. The nature of Othellos character is of a dark man. Not only because he is black, but also because his whole person is very mysterious. He is mysterious in that he believes there is magic everywhere. With this dark side, he is also very outgoing, and not very bright. He is not observant and the schemes of Iago work well on him. For all the dangers and encounters he has been involved in, this man is still naive of the corruptness of other individuals. Othello has a trusting nature in which he gives it all. He put all his trust in Iago during times of war and during Othellos marriage to Desdemona. Everyone considered Iago as honest, and it would be out of character for Othello to believe any different. For example, Othello had told Duke: quot;So please your grace, my ancient; A man he is of honesty and trust. To his conveyance I assign my wife, with what else needful your good grace shall think, To be sent after mequot; (I, iii, lines 306-310). Even if Othello was not as trusting or corrupt, he still would not realize Iago was lying. Othello commits his first act of violence against Desdemona by hitting her. This shows now Othellos tragic flaw. He made himself susceptible to Iago and the jealousy within him begins to lead to the end of others. By his actions, Othello has isolated himself from everyone except Iago. This gives Iago the perfect opportunity to complete his course of action. Finally, Othellos breakdownShow MoreRelatedOthello: Othello a Tragic Hero1478 Words   |  6 PagesOthello: Othello A Tragic Hero If one reads Shakespeares Othello, they can come to the conclusion that it might be one of the his most tragic plays ever written by Shakespeare. Romeo and Juliet, is probably the most famous of his tragic plays, but Othello, has characteristics that, I think make it even more tragic then his other plays, and therefore for that reason, you can say that Othello is the most tragic hero. Othello is a noble man, one who has grace with the ladies but also possessesRead MoreOthello as Tragic Hero1578 Words   |  7 PagesIn what ways does Shakespeare present Othello as a typical tragic hero? Professedly, Shakespeare appears to present Othello as tragic hero, exposing his tragic flaw, which consequently leads to his downfall, through his use of language, structure and form. It could be argued ‘Othello’ appears to conform to Aristotle’s principles of tragedy, of the noble protagonist who undergoes perpetia and endures suffering, resulting in his ultimate downfall due to harmatia, which he eventually realises, providingRead MoreOthello As A Tragic Hero872 Words   |  4 Pagesof Venice, Othello is transformed into a crazy, senseless man. William Shakespeare uses the idea of a tragic hero in almost all of his dramas. A tragic hero can be described as a person of high status who is neither completely good nor completely evil, possesses a tragic flaw, and leaves this flaw to be the reason for his/her downfall. Othello believes he can trust one of his soldiers, Iago, who is determined to seek revenge on Othello for not promoting him to be a lieutenant. Othe llorsquo;s temperRead MoreOthello is Not a Tragic Hero Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesOthello has been described as one of William Shakespeare’s most popular plays because the play focuses on its themes of good and evil, military, politics, love and marriage, religion, racial prejudice, gender conflict, and sexuality; but the controversy and debate surrounding Othello is â€Å"Why is Othello a qualification for a tragedy?† Most readers are aware of the many famous deaths or acts of death within the Shakespearean plays. And when the main characters die in Shakespeare’s plays, indeedRead MoreIs Othello a Tragic Hero? Essay1479 Words   |  6 PagesTo what extent can Othello be considered a ‘tragic hero’? The extent of which Othello is a tragic hero has been open to much debate; the basis on which he is judged falls to Aristotle’s established view of the crucial elements that distinguish whether a person is truly tragic. According to Aristotle, a tragic protagonist is a nobleman or person from high status, who contributes to his own demise and illustrates a flaw or weakness in judgment. The tragic protagonist must make a fall from a highRead MoreWhy Is Othello A Tragic Hero1465 Words   |  6 Pagestragedy his protagonists are often given flaws in their character and hence, are suitably named tragic heroes. The downfall of these protagonists is often a result of their own character flaws and unfortunately, they suffer a doomed and unhappy ending. While the tragic hero is flawed they must also be honorable and worthy of the audience’s understanding and sympathy. On a quest for righteousness the tragic hero often goes through immense suffering which is why the audienc e can feel bad for him. ForRead MoreOthello as a Tragic Hero Essay723 Words   |  3 PagesOthello is a tragic hero because of his greatnesses and his weaknesses. He is a noble man who possesses all the qualities of a military leader, which he is. He has control over himself and shows courage as well as dignity. Just as Othello is a virtuous man there are some flaws within him, these flaws complete him ff as a tragic hero. Othello is often blinded by trust and can not see a person for who they really are. He trusts the people around him even when they mean to afflict harm upon him. ThroughRead More Othello the Tragic Hero Essay912 Words   |  4 Pagestrait takes people over, controls their thoughts and persuades them to do stupid things. William Shakespeare portrayed this flaw extremly well in the play Othello. IN the play, Othello, is a character who seems almost perfect, but his flaw jealousy is brought out but his trusted companion Iago. This trait makes Othello the tragic hero due to the fact that he sacrifices his life in good name. When being accused of â€Å"witchcraft† by Barbantio ( Desdemonas father) and senators he Read MoreShakespeare s Othello As A Tragic Hero1517 Words   |  7 Pageswonder, who is Aristotle and why does he label Shakespeare’s play, Othello, as a tragedy? Aristotle is a famous Greek philosopher who defines Shakespeare’s character, Othello, as a tragic hero. Many parts in Othello tell the readers that the play is a tragedy, such as jealousy, arguing, and death, which makes the play famous and delightful to read. Aristotle has identified many common traits or characteristics that a tragic hero requires. In Shakespeare s play, Aristotle defines many featuresRead MoreOthello : An Aristotelian Tragedy And Tragic Hero1604 Words   |  7 PagesOthello, an Aristotelian Tragedy and Tragic Hero When reading a story, specifically a tragedy, what stands out? Tragedy often enables its audience to reflect on personal values that might be in conflict with civil ideas, on the claims of minorities that it neglected or excluded from public life, on its on irrational prejudices toward the foreign of the unknown (Kennedy Gioia, 2103, p. 857). Readers feel sympathy for the characters, especially the tragic hero. Othello, the Moor of Venice is

What Is the Definition of Passing for White

What is the definition of passing, or passing for white? Simply put, passing occurs when members of a racial, ethnic, or religious group present themselves as belonging to another such group. Historically, people have passed for a variety of reasons, from gaining  more social clout than the group into which they were born to escaping oppression and even death. Passing and oppression go hand-in-hand. People would have no need to pass if institutional racism and other forms of discrimination did not exist. Who Can Pass? Passing necessitates that one lacks the characteristic traits most associated with a particular racial or ethnic group. Accordingly, blacks and other people of color who pass tend to be biracial or have mixed racial ancestry. While many blacks of mixed racial origin are incapable of passing for white — President Barack Obama is a case in point — others may easily be able to do so. Like Obama, actress Rashida Jones was born to a white mother and a black father, but she looks much more phenotypically white than the 44th president does. The same goes for singer Mariah Carey, born to a white mother and a father of black and Hispanic origin. Why Blacks Passed In the United States, racial minority groups such as African Americans historically passed to escape the virulent oppression that led to their enslavement, segregation, and brutalization. Being able to pass for white sometimes meant the difference between a life in captivity and a life of freedom. In fact, the slave couple William and Ellen Craft escaped from bondage in 1848 after Ellen passed as a young white planter and William as her servant. The Crafts documented their escape in the slave narrative Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom, in which William describes his wifes appearance as follows: Notwithstanding my wife being of African extraction on her mothers side, she is almost white — in fact, she is so nearly so that the tyrannical old lady to whom she first belonged became so annoyed, at finding her frequently mistaken for a child of the family, that she gave her when eleven years of age to a daughter, as a wedding present. Oftentimes, slave children light enough to pass for white were the products of miscegenation between slave owners and slave women. Ellen Craft may very well have been a relative of her mistress. However, the one-drop rule dictated that any individual with the slightest amount of African blood be deemed black. This law benefited slave owners by giving them more labor. Deeming biracial people white would have increased  the number of free men and women but done little to give the nation the economic boost that free labor did. After slaverys end, blacks continued to pass, as they faced stringent laws that limited their ability to reach their potential in society. Passing for white allowed African Americans entry into the upper echelons of society. But passing also meant that such blacks left their hometowns and family members behind to ensure that they could never come across anyone who knew their true racial origins. Passing in Popular Culture Passing has been the subject of memoirs, novels, essays, and films. Nella Larsens 1929 novel Passing is arguably the most famous work of fiction on the subject. In the novel, a fair-skinned black woman, Irene Redfield, discovers that her racially ambiguous childhood friend, Clare Kendry, has crossed the color line—leaving Chicago for New York and marrying a white bigot to advance in life socially and economically. But Clare does the unthinkable by entering black society once again and putting her new identity at risk. James Weldon Johnsons 1912 novel Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man (a novel disguised as a memoir) is another well-known work of fiction about passing. The subject also emerges in Mark Twains Puddnhead Wilson (1894) and Kate Chopins 1893 short story Dà ©sirà ©es Baby. Arguably the most famous film about passing is Imitation of Life, which debuted in 1934 and was remade in 1959. The film is based on the 1933 Fannie Hurst novel of the same name. Philip Roths 2000 novel The Human Stain also addresses passing. A film adaptation of the book debuted in 2003. The novel has been linked to the real-life story of late New York Times book critic Anatole Broyard, who hid his black ancestry for years, although Roth denies any connection between The Human Stain and Broyard.   Broyards daughter, Bliss Broyard, however, did write a memoir about her fathers decision to pass for white, One Drop: My Fathers Hidden Life-A Story of Race and Family Secrets (2007). Anatole Broyards life bears some resemblance to the Harlem Renaissance writer Jean Toomer, who reportedly passed for white after penning the popular novel Cane (1923). The artist Adrian Pipers essay Passing for White, Passing for Black (1992) is another real-life account of passing. In this case, Piper embraces her blackness but describes what its like for whites to inadvertently mistake her for white and for some blacks to question her racial identity because shes fair-skinned. Do People of Color Need to Pass Today? Given that racial segregation is no longer the law of the land in the United States, people of color dont face the same barriers that historically led them to pass in search of better opportunities. That said, blackness and otherness continue to be devalued in the U.S. As a result, some people may think it beneficial to downplay or hide aspects of their racial makeup. They may not do so to land employment or live where they choose but simply to avoid the discomforts and hardships that accompany life as a person of color in America.

Alignment of IT and Business Free Essays

IT and business alignment is the best system for modern strategic management of organizations because it reduces the overall costs of operations, promotes effective communication in a company, and enhances faster response and evaluation of business progress.   Besides, it sets a platform for faster changes by an organization in future. However, IT and business alignment has proved to be one of the most difficult aspect for most organizations. We will write a custom essay sample on Alignment of IT and Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now    Over 75% of the companies and institutions have not fully aligned IT with their management systems.   However, over 80% of them have partially embraced IT especially in the top management levels (Aileen, 2008). IT and business alignment is an ongoing process that optimizes the IT mechanisms and business management operations at all levels.   It carves the correct climate whereby IT becomes a major strategic enabler of all the business operations. Lack of effective leadership in business operations According to Roland (2008) effective leadership in a business setting acts as a major platform and a guiding icon towards the correct direction for an organization.   Arguably, it is the role of the business leaders to pro-actively identify the most important aspects that would enhance higher levels of sustainability. Notably, small mistakes taken by conservative rigid leaders are referred as minor shenanigans and mostly not factored in business operations until it has sank into great losses.   Most of the leaders are directly engrossed into the past methods of business operations based on raw products and finished products simplified systems of accounting.   Many organizations are unable to link the extra IT cost to be incurred by the business and the returns to be achieved. As indicated by majority of the large companies that have embraced IT in their systems like Wal-Mart and JP Morgan Chase, the returns are not instant and may take time before the respective advantages are realized.   Arguably, IT/ Business alignment is a process as opposed to a one day operation. After launching its Point of Sale services that would link Citibank with its major financial operations information centers, the Bank had to wait for some months before realizing the expected goals (Mahesh, 2007). Poor focus into the future and conservatism Analysts have linked hardship to articulate IT and business hardships to three superimposed factors of business management namely tactic, strategy, and innovation.   The three factors are effectively superimposed on each other and simultaneously operate for or against IT/ business alignment depending with the prevailing environment. Lack of effective tactics and strategy by business makes the overall demand for modernization to appear vague (Malcolm Keith, 2007).   Notably, many companies and organizations especially in areas with reduced competition have been slow in aligning IT and their business operations. Southwest Airlines managing director cited his company’s success as a product of effective tactic that incorporated customer and staff management through information technology that assists the airline to respond faster to all the consumer need. Arguably, the current economic down turn could have affected them very negatively as the company offers low cost flights in US (Ann, 2007). Henersen Venkartraman (1993) points out that poor innovative capacity by organization forms a major stepping block of growth, and development.   Arguably, alignment of IT and business demands high levels of innovative capacity that carves new ways of operating the old models. This has been indicated as one of the hardest nut to crack especially where leaders are greatly old fashioned.   This has been cited as the major setback especially where people manage their own premises as opposed to professionals. There is generally lack of effective cost benefit analysis to determine the overall suitability of the alignment. Organizations financial ability To add to that, lack of enough finances has slowed or hindered many company’s operations alignment with IT.   Arguably, establishment of IT infrastructure is a costly venture that requires correct budgeting in effecting the overall venture. Though analysts have differed on the statement that finances form the key aspect in aligning IT and business operations, it is clear that very little can be achieved without enough funds (Aileen, 2008). Though the cost of installation and establishing the correct IT systems in business has relatively declined, the overall maintenance and possible establishment of new IT operations department demands enough funds especially at the beginning.   This has been a major cause of failure especially in the last three years when companies’ have are trying to reduce the overall cost as much as possible. Conclusion IT/ business alignment is the best system for modern strategic management for effecting change and maximizing profits.   Effective leadership demands that balance is taken to ensure increased focus into the future that will be defined and established on the basis of IT assimilation in the business. Lean management should be assimilated in organizations through IT and business alignment’s as a mode of reducing the overall wasteful systems in its operations.   Businesses should embark on international studies to establish the facts and the vast advantages that are derived from IT alignment in business management operations. How to cite Alignment of IT and Business, Papers

Ansoff Matrix free essay sample

Ansoff Matrix 3 BY arnab007 The Ansoff Matrix Providing strategic options is a role of the marketing plan, but how does the marketing team come up with bright ideas? Fortunately there is a simple tool that can help the Ansoff Matrix. Developed in 1957 it still holds true today a 2 x 2 matrix that guides planners in coming up with options. Basically, it gives you four options dependent on two variables developing new products or entering new markets. New product development and entering new markets involve expense and therefore risk. They also produce risk to your brand if an undertakers firm were to branch out into whoopee cushions their credibility as an undertaker would be scarred! Therefore, the further down or right on the grid you go, the higher the risk. When is a product entirely new or when is it Just an amendment? That is subjective, so Judgement must be used a car manufacturer producing a new model probably doesnt count as new but if that same company were to launch a mission to Mars it may well do There is no guarantee of success for any plan, as highlighted below: Market Penetration You stay with the same product and keep selling it to the same people. We will write a custom essay sample on Ansoff Matrix or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So how do you grow? The answer comes from adjusting the marketing mix maybe promoting yourself better, making the product better or lowering the price. It is the least risky option, but consequently is likely to reap the least reward. A good example of market penetration is Fullers London Pride once a regional ale in the South East but now the best selling cask ale in the I-JK (CAMRA). They have done this by relying on a high quality product but increasing promotional activity articularly advertising connected with sports events. On the other side is Rover they kept selling similar cars to the same market but Just lost touch. The product was well-overtaken and badly promoted, and the results are there for all to see. The moral of the story? Even if you do nothing, make sure you do something! Product Development If you have a well-respected brand with your customers, it may be possible to sell them other things. This is probably the most common option to head in as companies can use the good will they have in the market to generate credibility. As long as the ew product in question isnt too left-field, customers will like it. uality pens. For many people a Mont Blanc is the pen to have. The trouble is, once you have a fountain pen, ballpoint and a pencil, that is it. Mont Blancs quality means you may have the same pen for life, so you will never buy anything from them again. As a result, Mont Blanc decided to start selling you other things: cuff links, wallets, notebooks and so on. The same high quality prest ige brand transferred to other products with great success. Possibly the worlds best-known brand got it seriously wrong when they launched a ew product . Coca Colas premium bottled water, Dasani, was launched their existing I-JK consumer market, but unfortunately they got it very wrong. Dasani was little more than bottled tap water and the fall-out hit Coca Cola hard. It wasnt Cokes first time though after the New Coca Cola debacle nearly ruined them. If you are going to launch a new product, make sure that it reflects your brand and wont damage what you already have. Market Development Selling the same product to a new market is a tricky proposition, but a number of companies have done it very well. Guinness, Lucozade and Skoda have all managed to salvage weak brands by launching them into a new market. However the most successful repositioning was Sony PlayStation a repositioning that was pre-planned, not firefighting. Sony had planned to sell PlayStations to children then, once the product life cycle had reached maturity, relaunch in the adult market enter Lara Croft. Failed repositionings litter the history of marketing but, for me, the most interesting is that of cricket. Some marketing chaps went to America, saw baseball and thought Wow! That will make cricket trendy! Cricket clubs suddenly had silly names like Scorpions (what on Earth have scorpions got to do with Derbyshire anyway) and music was blasted out every time a run was scored. The youth market was not impressed. It was only when the core product was improved that crickets popularity returned thanks be to Freddy Flintoff and co. Diversification So, you know nothing about the market you are selling to or about t he product you are launching. Sounds like a recipe for disaster The risks of diversification are otentially grave, but the rewards can be enormous. Caterpillar used to make yellow diggers and bulldozers and sold them to construction companies. Now they sell boots to young adult consumers. Apple used to sell computers to graphic designers. Now they adorn the belt of Just about every 16-24 year old in the country with the iPod. The reward has been easy to see. When diversification goes wrong, you can be left with a feeling of: What were they thinking? Sir Clive Sinclair produced and sold one of the first home entertainment transport. Still, a C5 can be worth a fortune on EBay.

Who is the inspector, why did he call and what did the characters learn from his visit Essay Example For Students

Who is the inspector, why did he call and what did the characters learn from his visit Essay J. B. Priestly wrote the play An Inspector Calls in 1945, it was set in a small town in north England called Bromley in 1912. The main characters are Arthur Birling, Sheila Birling, Gerald Croft, Sybil Birling and Eric Birling. Arthur and Sybil Birling are married, Eric and Sheila are their children and Gerald Croft is Sheila Birlings fianci e. The significance of the above dates are that J. B. Priestly tried to show how hypocritical the upper class people were towards the working class people and it is before the war and the sinking of the Titanic. In my opinion the Inspector is a time traveller because he knows everything that has happened in the future and in the past. Time present and time past are both perhaps present in time future and time future contained in time past. T. S. Eliot wrote this quote in 1935. J. B. Priestly is influenced by T. S. Eliot who says that what you do today will affect you in the future. The Inspector uses his knowledge of the future and past to make the Birlings feel partly to blame for Eva Smiths Death. We will write a custom essay on Who is the inspector, why did he call and what did the characters learn from his visit specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now I think his main purpose of his call to the Birlings house was to make each of the Birlings feel guilty and to try and change the way they feel about lower class people. Arthur Birlings part in Evas death was unfairly sacking her just because she asked for a pay rise. And this girl, Eva Smith was one of them. Shed had a lot to say far too much so she had to go. The quote shows why Eva was sacked for just asking for a pay rise. Now Eva would have to live without any money, which means very little food and she, was also left living on the streets thanks to Arthur Birling sacking her. When Arthur found out the Inspector wasnt really an Inspector he was overjoyed that now he may not be connected to Evas death but he was also disgusted with the fake Inspector for coming into his home and accusing him of possible murder. Sheila Birlings part in the life of Eva Smith was, when Sheila got Eva sacked from her job of a shop assistant after Shelia thought Eva was laughing at her. Shelia demanded the girl (Eva) sacked, and so she was. Now Eva again had no money, no food and nowhere to live. When Shelia found out that the inspector wasnt a real inspector, she was still feeling very guilty about the way she had treated Eva and the other lower class people. After finding out about the inspector Shelia was upset but she had suspected the inspector was a fake. The discovery that the inspector may have been talking about more than one girl, really shocked Shelia and made her feel really guilty and upset. Yes the same photograph. The quote is taken from the conversation between Gerald and Shelia. Gerald asks Shelia if she has seen a photo of a girl and Shelia is certain that it is the same photo that Gerald had seen. It shows how certain Shelia was about seeing the same photo but was then totally shocked when she found out there might be more than one girl that they are talking about. Shelia was happy but frightened when she found out no girl had died in this way. She was angry with the rest of her family for the way they had begun to learn something and then now just because a girl had not died, they would carry on being horrible and unfair to lower class people. I tell you-whoever the inspector was, it was anything but a joke. You knew it then. You began to learn something. .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762 , .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762 .postImageUrl , .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762 , .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762:hover , .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762:visited , .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762:active { border:0!important; } .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762:active , .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762 .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1e485f76edca24223c5b1f9ec9dd2762:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How does Shakespeare encourage the audience to feel sympathy for Juliet throughout 'Romeo and Juliet' EssayAnd now youve stopped. Youre ready to go on in the same old way. The quote shows the anguish and disgust that Shelia is feeling towards her family and shows how she is trying to teach her family a lesson. Gearald Croft met Eva in the Palace Bar, he then took her for a drink and for something to eat. Eva had told Gerald her name was Daisy Renton. Daisy was told to stay at Geralds friends house, which they only visit a few times, so she did and then soon became Geralds mistress. Eventually Gerald ended the relationship. Daisy had expected this but was still very upset. Gerald was the first person to find out the Inspector was not a real inspector, when he went out for a walk and met a local policeman. Gerald had asked the local police officer about Inspector Goole and described him carefully. The police officer told Gerald that he was 100% sure there was no inspector Goole in this area. Gerald was shocked but very anxious to tell the rest of his family. Gerald went home and told his family about his findings, he was now getting really excited that he had not played a part in the death of Eva Smith but he was also starting to realise how unfair he had been treating the lower class people. Yet again Gerald was the first person to realise they may have been talking about more than one girl. He came up with the idea after discussing with his family that the inspector may of shown each of them a different photo, his reasons for thinking this where because the inspector did not let anyone else see the photo accept the person he was talking to. Gerald was confused A man comes here pretending to be a police officer. Hes a hoax of some kind. The quote shows how sure Gerald was, that the inspector was not real or it could also be Gerald saying what he wants to hear and hopes that its true. The discovery that no girl had died after all made Gerald really happy and he wanted a drink. In my opinion the drink was to help get rid of his guilty conscience. In think that Gerald did actually think that there was a lesson to be learned but didnt actually learn it. The play is a traditional detective play with all the strange happenings, murder, suspicion and suspense. J. B. Priestly has used all these actions to create an effective play which keeps the audience guessing throughout.

One-Earner vs Two-Earner Couples †Sociology Class Essay

One-Earner vs Two-Earner Couples – Sociology Class Essay Free Online Research Papers One-Earner vs Two-Earner Couples Sociology Class Essay Question: When couples change from being one-earner couples to being two-earner couples, what are the positive and negative consequences for them? When couples go from being one-earner couples to being two-earner couples many changes take place. There are many positive consequences that occur. The most obvious positive consequence is that they will probably have more money as a couple and thus can afford a better lifestyle for themselves and possibly their children. Both partners in a two-earner couple are bringing in money, so that they are more equal in that respect in the relationship, as opposed to one-earner couples where one partner can easily become dependant on the other for money. That being said, the textbook clearly states that â€Å"even among two-earner couples, the majority consider providing financially to be the husband’s main role; the unpaid work of family caregiving is the wife’s principal obligation.† Many people think of two-earner marriages as being more exciting, as both partners have a place in the outside world and both are subject to raises, job transfers, promotions, and other positives that go with being employed in the labor force. The two-earner couple puts an end to the traditional roles of the male breadwinner and the female housewife. This means the husband no longer makes or breaks the family economically and relieves a lot of that pressure from him. The wife on the other hand is not dependent on the husband financially and thus is not as tied to him if he turns out to not be right for her for whatever reason. There are also many negative consequences for two-earner couples. Probably the most talked about would be that if the couple decides to have children, then they have to find good child care, since neither partner will be able to care for the children while they are both at work. The two-earner marriage also means that there will be less time for the couple to do unpaid housework, whereas before one partners would not have a job in the labor force and could spend more time doing housework. As stated before, the two-earner couple also means an end to the traditional roles of the male provider and the female housewife. Rewards for men in the good provider role according to the textbook â€Å"included social status and reinforcements of the husband’s authority over the family.† These of course are lessened or perhaps lost with the two-earner couple. Rewards for the female in the housewife role included not working in the labor force and having the time needed to care for their children themselves. These rewards are both lost with the two-earner couple. Also because both partners are employed in the labor force, they both bring home the stresses that go along with that, such as possible termination from employment, arguments with coworkers, discrimination, disappointment, etc. The female partner may bring home more stress as a result of this, since women are still very discriminated against and are often underpaid, especially compared to men, in the United States labor force. Research Papers on One-Earner vs Two-Earner Couples - Sociology Class EssayInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesThree Concepts of Psychodynamic19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Spring and AutumnThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationQuebec and CanadaEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenHip-Hop is ArtResearch Process Part One

Leadership effectiveness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Leadership effectiveness - Essay Example Effective leaders are born as well as made. A leader may possess natural traits of leadership. Nevertheless, he has to go through the grind to master the skills of leadership. In this process, he is being made a leader (Effective Leadership Skills, 1996-2009). This process may consist of training that includes educational qualifications and on-the-field training. Intrinsically, everyone is a leader in his own right because people depend on him in certain respects (What is Effective Leadership 2010). But there are certain people who are spotted as first among equals and they make their grade over a period of time experiencing highs and lows on the way. And they continue to be recognized as leaders all their lives! I engaged Thomas Varghese on an interview. Thomas is the plant manager in a large electrical corporation employing over 5000 people. The interview lasted about an hour when I questioned him on the principles that made effective leaders. Mr. Varghese does not waste time and answered off the cuff. His mannerisms made it clear that leaders are self-conscious of what they do and say. Leaders are human beings, but they are cast in a different mold. There are traces of super human in them (Killian, Shaun; 2005-2007). They appear to be infallible and it takes an effort, sometimes minimum and some times maximum, to keep them aware that they are simple human beings (Rose, Ed; 1998). The reason that leaders appear super human is that they represent strong and noble traits. Without these traits, they may not be able to survive as leaders. But they have these qualities in some measure or more measure. But they need these qualities without which their days as leaders could be numbered. Abraham Lincoln had these qualities, Mahatma Gandhi had these qualities, and in the eyes of the Germans, even Adolf Hitler had these qualities. But the qualities that Hitler displayed were misrepresentative of the truth and they stood exposed. In the interview with Mr. Varghese, three basic principles emerged that a leader required so that he could be effective. One, the leader had to be alert. The leader was a man with a mission. He had to be above situations and circumstances. Two, the leader had to be goal-oriented. And finally, the leader had to have strong personal traits and an eye for failure. Two solid theories of leadership Trait Theory The leadership provided by Mr. Thomas Varghese is described as trait theory because it draws upon good traits especially those that are relevant to the progress of the department. The staff members at the plant are desirable of using their creativity and are resourceful to pool in their talents to achieve excellence. The culture of progress in the plant is such that the outcome of any work can be only excellent or very excellent (Bolden, R et al, 2003, p6). Contingency Theory Leadership in the plant is so nurtured and encouraged that one can feel the aura of excellence. The

Recount an incident or time when you experienced failure. How did it Essay - 2

Recount an incident or time when you experienced failure. How did it affect you, and what lessons did you learn - Essay Example This led to self-obsession coupled with blaming myself and asking what could have gone wrong to the extent people were then ill-treating me that way. Due to bullying, ill-treatment by people and be called names, state of inadequacy crept in my life whereby I started believing what others were saying about me. Thus ended up being emotionally distressed, which led to depression to the extent of being constantly angry at whomever I mingled with and eventually finding attending my classes meaningless. This significantly did affect my grades though initially I was too obsessed with self to notice until the situation had advanced. My situation then comprised of self-hatred, engrossed by self-pity and sometimes regretting before turning to self-harm, which took many months before compelled to seek therapist’s assistance. My recuperation was gradual characterized by attending classes partially though initially being a struggle not only in trying to live but also to thrive. Getting back to my ordinary life was quite a task but through encouragement that I should not give up, my grades started improving. This is to the extent of scoring highly in school because after recovery I focused on catching with what I had lost while experiencing depression and had kept me from studying as necessitated. Presently, despite the depression being a horrible experience, I am presently proud of what it has made me to be. In life, I never thought one day I will ever experience such a low situation thought it has made me learn essential lessons. I have learnt life irrespective of its horrible experiences with necessary resilience cannot turn me being a failure. Since, I should not to give up because pain is inevitable in life and especially for me to grow as I appreciate each opportunity. I also learnt there is always h ope and solution for each situation despite how exigent it appears. In conclusion, experiencing depression during my

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Health And Social Care Essay

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Health And Social Care Essay This essay aims to provide a comprehensive account of the gastrointestinal disorder, Irritable Bowel Syndrome. The aetiology, pathology, and prognosis of the disorder will be described, along with details pertaining to its epidemiology. The diagnosis and management of the disorder will be described, followed by a discussion of the health implications experienced by patients and the economic costs of the disorder. Conclusions will be made based on the information and evidence discussed throughout the essay. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), also known as spastic colon, nervous diarrhoea, and functional bowel, is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders worldwide (NICE, 2008). It is a chronic, functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract which is characterised by symptoms of abdominal pain or discomfort of the lower abdomen, bloating, and disordered defecation (Silk, 2003). This latter symptom can manifest in four different forms (Allison, 2002): constipation predominant; diarrhoea predominant; alternating between constipation and diarrhoea; or, non-extreme. Furthermore, although symptoms are predominantly gastrointestinal, other symptoms can include back ache, nausea, heartburn, lethargy, urinary problems, faintness, palpitations, and loss of appetite (Fortson and Lee, 2004). Symptoms are usually worse after eating and most people experience flare-ups lasting between 2-4 days. Indeed, a key characteristic of IBS is a cycle of relapse and remission (Silk, 2003). Worldwide, IBS affects an estimated 10-20% of the population at any one time, although the figure may be higher because not everyone seeks help for the condition (Hungin et al. 2003; Hungin et al., 2005). IBS can affect both genders of all ages, although it is twice as common in females (Voci and Cramer, 2009). It can occur at any age, but typically develops in individuals who are 20-30 years old (Wangen, 2006). Incidence tends to reduce with age (Wilson et al., 2004). Furthermore, more women report constipation predominant IBS, while more men report diarrhoea predominant IBS (Heitkemper and Jarrett, 2001). Women also tend to report a worsening of symptoms during menstruation, suggesting a hormonal link with IBS (Moore et al., 1998). Despite there being no clear aetiology for IBS, there is a general consensus that it is a multifactorial disorder of a biopsychosocial nature (Allison, 2002). Possible factors involved in its development include an abnormality with how the muscles move food through the digestive tract, pain-sensitive digestive organs, a malfunctioning immune system, a problem between the central nervous system and the digestive system, or an abnormal response to infection. Environmental, dietary, and genetic factors that are as yet known are also suspected to play a role in the aetiology of IBS. Diagnosis A diagnosis of IBS can be made using the Rome III criteria of red flag symptoms (Paterson et al., 1999). According to these criteria, an individual is diagnosed with IBS if they have experienced, for at least 6-months, any of the following symptoms: abdominal pain or discomfort; bloating; or, change in bowel habit. In addition, the individual has to present with abdominal pain or discomfort that is relieved by defecation or associated with changes in bowel frequency or stool formation, and have at least two of the following: altered stool evacuation (i.e. straining, urgency, incomplete evacuation); abdominal bloating (i.e. distension, tension, or hardness); symptoms made worse by eating; mucus from the rectum. Reported lethargy, nausea, backache and bladder symptoms are also indicators that might inform a diagnosis of IBS. Furthermore, there are a number of tests that are carried out to exclude other diagnoses. These include a full blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate or plasm a viscosity (screening test), c-reactive protein (found in blood), and, antibody testing for coeliac disease (RCN, 2008). The red flag symptoms that require the individual to be referred to secondary care for further investigation include unintentional and unexplained weight loss, rectal bleeding, and, a family history of bowel or ovarian cancer (NICE, 2008). In people aged 60-years or over, a change in bowel habit lasting more than 6-weeks with looser and/or more frequent stools also acts a red flag. Other indicators for referral include anaemia, abdominal or rectal masses, and inflammatory markers for inflammatory bowel disease (NICE, 2008). Treatment There is no cure for IBS, but it can be managed and controlled through lifestyle changes and medicine. NICE provide clinical guidelines on the management of IBS in primary care, which were developed through input from the National Collaborating Centre for Nursing and Supportive Care (NCC-NSC). These guidelines include the provision of general lifestyle advice, particularly in terms of dietary and physical activity advice (NICE, 2008). The treatment and management of IBS is largely focused on providing individuals with the information required to self-manage their condition through diet, physical activity, and medication for specific symptoms. Dietary advice includes having regular meals, taking time to eat, drinking at least eight cups of water daily, and restricting consumption of tea, coffee, alcohol, fizzy drinks, high-fibre foods, resistant starch (i.e. whole grains, legumes, seeds), and fresh fruit. Individuals with diarrhoea are advised to avoid sorbitol, which is an artificial sweetener found in sugar-free sweets and drinks. Individuals with wind and bloating, on the other hand, are advised to increase intake of oats and linseeds. If diet is assessed as being a key factor in the IBS symptoms, the individual is referred to a dietician for single food avoidance and exclusion diets. In terms of physical activity, individuals who score low in physical activity on the General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPPAQ) are provided with brief advice and counselling aimed at increasing their activity. The importance of physical activity in the management of IBS cannot be underestimated. Indeed, a study conducted in Sweden demonstrated that even a minimal increase in physical activity can improve symptoms of IBS (n=102) (Johannesson et al., 2011). First-line pharmacological treatment is dependent on the primary symptoms reported by the individual. For example, there is support for the provision of antispasmodic agents such as hyoscine or peppermint oil to control symptoms of abdominal pain and spasms (Ford, 2008). Laxatives are an option for constipation, whilst loperamide is the recommended first choice of antimobility agent for diarrhoea (NICE, 2008). Second-line pharmacological treatment includes the consideration of tricyclic antidepressants for mood and analgesic (pain relieving) effect if first-line treatments do not work (Bell, 2004). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are considered if tricyclic antidepressants do not work. However, due to the potential side-effects of these second-line medications, follow-up after 4-weeks and then every 6-12 months is advised (NICE, 2008). Psychological Implications If individuals with IBS do not respond to second-line pharmacological treatments after 12-months, referral for psychological support such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), hypnotherapy, or psychotherapy requires consideration (NICE, 2008). Indeed, although it is not a life-threatening condition, IBS can result in a great deal of psychological distress. One study found that half of the patients attending IBS clinics presented with a diagnosable psychiatric disorder (Silk, 2003). Anxiety and depression have been reported in people with IBS and stress and major life events have been found to often precede the onset of bowel symptoms (Silk, 2003). Strong associations have been found between IBS and Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD), with this comorbidity adding to social impairments (Lee et al., 2009). There is also a higher prevalence of childhood physical and sexual abuse among individuals diagnosed with IBS, further indicating the potential efficacy of providing psychological s upport (Allison, 2002). The psychological impact of IBS is likely to result from that fact that it can be extremely debilitating and can severely impact quality of life (Heitkemper and Jarrett, 2001). Activities of daily living can be detrimentally impacted and individuals with IBS often experience lethargy and fatigue, which can limit physical activity and social life (Jones et al., 2000). Bertram et al. (2001), who conducted focus groups with people diagnosed with IBS, found that the condition resulted in high levels of frustration and social isolation. There was also an inconsistency in how individuals with IBS perceived their illness and how they felt others perceived their illness. In particular, there was frustration with a lack of understanding from family, friends, and colleagues in terms of the severity and unpredictability of the illness. Many participants also felt that health care professionals did not take the illness seriously. There is some evidence, however, to suggest that health profession als attitudes towards IBS are changing. In a study conducted by Nunn (2003), the majority of nurses disagreed with a statement suggesting that patients with IBS were demanding and lazy. Nevertheless, the stigma surrounding IBS can result in individuals with IBS not accessing the support they need. When combined with the general lack of effective treatments for IBS, people often try to treat themselves. It has been estimated that 50% of people with IBS use complementary and alternative medicine (Hussain and Quigley, 2006). The NICE (2008) guidelines on the use of complementary and alternative medicine, however, recommend against encouraging their use, especially acupuncture and reflexology. Economic Implications Evidence suggests that disease relapse and remission accounts for 36-50% of all gastrointestinal consultations, although many patients do not seek help and often attempt to self-treat (Gunn et al., 2003; Parker, 2004). IBS has a significant impact on healthcare resources in both primary and secondary care (Ringstrom et al., 2007). It also contributes to both direct and indirect costs. Evidence suggests that disease relapse and remission accounts for 36-50% of all gastrointestinal consultations, although many patients do not seek help and often attempt to self-treat (Gunn et al., 2003; Parker, 2004). IBS can lead to increased absenteeism at work and higher rates of health care utilisation, making it a public health problem (Talley, 2008). In a systematic review of the economic cost of IBS in the UK and US, total direct cost estimates per patient per year ranged from $348-8750 ( £211.79-5325.25) (calculated for year 2002) (Maxion-Bergemann, Thielecke, and Bergemann, 2006). The average number of days off work per year because of IBS was between 8.5 and 21.6; indirect costs ranged from $355-3344 ( £216.25-2037.04). Of note, however, is that the total costs and cost components of IBS were influenced by factors such as the demographic of the patient group and study variables, such as design and databases used. Further research is needed on the cost-effectiveness of diagnostic procedures and  treatments for IBS in order to help define strategies to help IBS patients improve their quality of life and, in turn, reduce related healthcare and economic costs. Conclusion This essay has outlined the aetiology and epidemiology of Irritable Bowel Syndrome, which is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders worldwide. IBS is a chronic disorder that cannot be cured, but requires self-management through lifestyle, pharmacological treatments, and psychological support. The direct and indirect costs of the condition are vast due to the relapsing and remitting nature of the symptoms. Due to there being no clear cause for IBS, stigma still exists regarding its seriousness, which can prevent people seeking medical support. In order to reduce the direct and indirect costs of this common, quality of life depleting illness, healthcare professionals need to take it seriously and assist patients in the long-term management of the physically and psychologically limiting symptoms.

Essays --

In my thesis, I would like to analyse the representation of football stars in two iconic British magazines. My aim is to show how two distinct magazines contribute to the ongoing narratives of football players and managers. The first is one of the most famous football magazines around the globe, the authoritative FFT and the second is the original lad’s magazine, Loaded. Naturally, the proper investigation of this complex topic requires knowledge from various fields of cultural studies. In the following, I will introduce the theories and ideas related to my study. First of all, the term ‘football star’ should be examined closely. Although stars permeate the media, the meaning of sport star is not necessarily self-evident. Everyone has a rough idea about stars and stardom, but as I concentrate strictly on football stars in my study, a precise definition cannot be omitted. The main reason for this is that sport news is not only about sport stars but also players and managers who are not part of the star system. Smart states that the foundation of becoming a sport star is a unique sporting moment which shows the player’s exceptional talent. In order to keep this status, the player has to demonstrate his special skills repeatedly under pressure, against opponents in a highly competitive field (Smart 2005, 156). In addition, he has to grab the audience’s attention through media coverage and promotion. Cultural intermediaries and the audience together elevate the player to the star level. When this happens, exceptional qualities and original characteristics are being attached to the player’s name (Smart 2005, 156-157). Smart points out that appearance strongly increases media attention. He supports this point by claiming that David Be... ...hat Europe is a collection of individual nations. Even when discussing teams and fans of other nations, national reference points are frequently used. Pan-European identity almost exclusively appears in conjunction with references to the nation. Typically, Europe is only imagined as ‘self’ when it is dominated by English culture and fits into the framework of the English nation, otherwise it is considered to be ‘other’. The author concludes that the nation is essential to the sports media industries, as football basically relies on the idea of national ‘us’ and ‘them’. Moreover, the concept of nation is at the centre of fan cultures and popular culture surrounding football. In football culture, national stereotypes are a key source of humour. While all Europeans seem to celebrate football similarly, they are divided into national collectives (Inthorn 2010, 791-798).

Delamere Vineyard Essay

â€Å"Delamere Vineyard is a small, integrated winemaking business in Tasmania, specializing in pinot noir (red) and chardonnay (white) wines. Richard Richardson, Delamere’s owner and winemaker, manages and operates the vineyard and winery largely alone. His products have won praise and awards in the past, but Richardson strives continuously to improve. Delamere competes in the high-priced segment, in which quality is paramount. Richardson is well equipped as a winemaker–with a Ph.D. in agricultural chemistry and 15 years’ experience.† (Harvard Business School, 2000) Winemaking is a very exclusive, yet competitive business that requires great care and understanding of customer demands. Problem Richard Richardson, winemaker at Delamere Vineyard, is facing a change in his production of wine with uncertainty because of his ongoing desire to improve quality and sales. He has relied on his scientific knowledge to steer his company and now would like to move forward and improve his quality of wine and increase profit. Richardson is in the process of upgrading his production process to produce a better quality product based on customer satisfaction and wine critics, and needs to make a decision on how he will implement this. Objectives/Goals Richard Richardson is facing challenges for the new direction of his company. He needs to make some decisions as to his innovative way of wine production to enhance the quality and increase his profit and sales. Richardson needs to improve customer satisfaction for his pinot noir and chardonnay wines. Richardson has to improve his marketing and advertising for the vineyard to increase sales and profit. Richardson needs to find a niche in the wine industry and set his wine apart from the other vineyards. Richardson has been making mediocre wine for the past 15 years and desires to set his company apart by increasing the quality and production of his wine to boost profit and sales. â€Å"At the establishment of his vineyard, Richardson had drawn inspiration from his scientific training and the advice and example of others who preceded him† (Harvard Business School, 2000). Richardson needs to focus on the process of developing quality wine with the purpose of meeting a large percentage of customer satisfaction without sacrificing capital or increase costs in production over a long period of time. Since Richardson is fixated on two types of winemaking, he needs to focus on the ways to improve quality and control outcome to maintain consistency throughout the years. Customers are quick to notice subtle changes in wine quality and are apt to err on the side of caution when deciding on future purchases. Wholesalers are the wineries main source of sales and they â€Å"sought consistent quality at a moderate price, and favored wines that would have wide appeal by being made in a recognizable and popular style† (Harvard Business School, 2000). Richardson is very emotionally attached to his business and takes the entire role of decision making upon himself. Richardson needs to consider insight into new trends in winemaking and procedures that have worke d in the past with other vineyards. Delamere Vineyards should be a family business built on the constant goal of improving production, distribution, sales and quality. Analysis Delamere Vineyard is currently producing pinot noir and chardonnay wines at varying qualities to satisfy the demands of the consumers. Richardson has been working on his wine selection and vineyard for 15 years and is now in search of improvement of for quality of wine. Scientific knowledge has allowed him to start and continue his business of wine making with little knowledge of the process most winemakers go through to produce a quality and enjoyable wine selections. Richardson, while his process so far has yielded positive results, is in need of reevaluating his production process and possibly the distribution process to increase his business. Richardson bears the entire responsibility of decision making for the company. â€Å"While instinct coupled with analysis may make a powerful decision-making combination, beware intuition’s pitfalls. Often, your gut is just plain wrong – because it’s subject to biases† (HBR, 2001). Decisions that involve where a company’s future is headed and changes in operations must be made with a clear head, and the long time notion of three heads are better than one should come into play. Richardson admits that sales is dependent on the quality of the wine. The process of winemaking is difficult to specifically characterize and replicate for consistency. Richardson has pinpointed some areas in his business where improvement can be made to set his wine apart from the competition while increasing productivity and sales. His first option involves â€Å"consideration to amend winemaking procedures to eliminate the possibility of oxidation as the wine matured. Excessive contact with oxygen, along with other chemicals, induced compounds called aldehydes, which could create a distinct and unpleasant flaw in the wine’s taste, unforgettable bitter aroma somewhat akin to stale oil, along with an unattractive browning of the color† (Delamere Vineyard, 2000). This option leads to a constant output of good quality wine. This process will allow Richardson to attract a large amount of customers through both mail order and wholesalers due to the fact that this process can produce the same type of wine product every year. Customers tend to feel at ease purchasing wine from distributors who have produced the same product on a constant b asis and feel comfortable with the level of quality. Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) is the â€Å"wonder drug† to combat oxidation in the winemaking process. Considering the fact that most winemakers tend to agree that the introduction of sulfur dioxide (SO2) is the failsafe solution to preventing oxidation, the decision to incorporate some level of sulfur dioxide should be definitely considered and implemented. Richardson claims that he presently includes a small amount of sulfur dioxide into his winemaking process and it debating his new approach; continue his current process, increase his SO2 or spend time and money and waste some of his product to develop the correct scientific method for the incorporation of sulfur dioxide. Logic and reasoning would conclude that Richardson should stick with industry standards when it comes to the level of sulfur dioxide to add to the winemaking process since it has been proven time and again with success. He is dissatisfied with his current wine production, and therefore, he should not even consider the approach of â€Å"doing nothing† when it comes to preventing oxidation in his wine. The long term benefits of spending time perfecting the process of how much sulfur dioxide to add to the mix could be beneficial to Delamere Vineyard. Richardson has the ultimate goal of setting his wine apart from other manufacturers while keeping the small family business image. He is already well versed and educated in science and would not need to enlist in outside help to spend time perfecting his process. Sticking with the status quo on the mixture will likely ensure consistency in the short run, but prove to be a common type of wine in the industry. â€Å"Over the years, various management studies have found that executives routinely rely on their intuitions to solve complex problems when logical methods (such as a cost-benefit analysis) simply won’t do. In fact, the consensus is that they higher up on the corporate ladder people climb, the more they’ll need well-honed business instincts. In other words, intuition is one of the X factors separating the men from t he boys† (HBR, 2001). Richardson is more likely to trust his scientific knowledge and experiment with possible scenarios to advance his understanding of the winemaking process to guide him towards perfection. Richardson’s second possible project involves finding a way to deepen the color of his red wine. Richardson is convinced that his main market Australians would be more likely to purchase his wine if it had a fuller red hue. Richardson identified that other manufacturers succeeded in darkening their wine by providing a longer maceration before and following fermentation and introducing higher temperatures during fermentation. The dilemma was that Richardson was already performing these tasks with his current wine, which meant his only option would be to transition from his currently fermentation process to a more sophisticated one. This process would cost the vineyard $30,000 to purchase and at least 10% of product with no real assurance that it will be successful. The cost-benefit of this approach will lead to Richardson risks capital that he doesn’t have available to waste to hopefully produce a product that has a hue preferred by his customers. Managers â€Å"apply factual research to historical precedent that’s so widely accepted in an organization that it’s no longer challenged. Things deemed to be common knowledge are often the result of inferences made by the ‘primal’ mind – they’re a product of evolution, and so tend to be governed by emotions and instinct† (Harvard Management Update, 2002). Richardson has conflicting views on his long-term goals for his vineyard. On one spectrum he is focused and passionate about improving the quality and consistency of his wine and winemaking process to increase sales and profit. Richardson would also like to accomplish this in his small family owned business with almost the entire operating burden placed solely on himself. On the other hand, Richardson has mentioned the potential long-term growth benefits of quality improvements to his vineyard. Richardson has not made note to how his family owned vineyard would continue to operate should they increase production and sales of their product. Investing time and money into growing the company would require increased staff and land to store the wine barrels before sales and distribution. Richardson needs to weigh his options and focus on his own long term personal goals in addition to the organization. Does he want to be working for the next 30 years? Employing in outside sources of help will bring a fresh perspective to Richardson’s winemaking approach. Richardson’s third possible improvement is to determine the best mix of whole bunches, stalks, and de-stemmed grapes to include in his crush to speed up and automate production. When Richardson was evaluating this option, red flags were popping up at every point. Initially, he specified that is option did not solve any foreseeable problem with his winemaking process; therefore if there is no problem a solution cannot be developed. Second, this type of fermentation would require more space in his winery and limit his ability to control the entire winemaking process. Since most of his potential projects focused on more control in the development of wine, this idea actually contradicts Richardson’s problem with his vineyard. â€Å"The ability of managers to solve problems and make decisions rationally has long been assumed to be one of the valuable products of experience on the job. But close observation of their actually practices has shown that even veteran managers are likely to be very unsystematic when dealing with problems and decisions. And their hit-or-miss methods often produce decisions based on erroneous conclusions, which means that the decisions must also be wrong† (HBR, 1965). Any option that would increase his cost while not ensuring a definite increase in profit would be making a decision which would hinder the ability to prosper in the future. The small chance that altering the mix of grapes would result in a more complex and aromatic wine does not outweigh the potential result that the wine could rapidly turn to vinegar spoiling his entire vintage. Recommendations â€Å"Winemaking is capital intensive, in terms of both investment and working capital. Startup costs for even a small vineyard and winery were heavy, relative to anticipated cash flow† (Harvard Business School, 2000). Richardson needs to consider enlisting outside help experienced in the business of winemaking who can lend some insight into new trends in winemaking and procedures that have worked in the past with other vineyards. The ability to bounce ideas off other people who have knowledge in winemaking will allow Richardson to make future decisions without bias. He currently relies on intuition, past experience in his vineyard, and his scientific background to produce his wine. Richardson needs to incorporate a full-time staff that can use his ideas and industry standards to not only improve the quality of wine, but improve the manufacturing process which can develop his company as well. Richardson will not be able to run his family business as a one man shop when his sales double. Richardson would also benefit from removing his cognitive blinders in his company and investigate other vineyards that have been experiencing the same type of situations. Usually businesses experience the same types of problems in manufacturing and distribution, and learning from other companies mistakes will allow managers to make reasonable decisions with minimal risk. Richardson should prioritize his projects and develop a time line for completion based on the risk assessment. The idea of eliminating the oxidation in the mine is an option that will provide the least amount of financial loss. Richardson would be smart to start his project with industry standards for the introduction of sulfur dioxide while also taking time to use his scientific knowledge to find the perfect mixture for future vineyard growth and quality development of the pinot noir. Richardson would be foolish to entertain the idea of spending $30,000 which is almost half of his net income on a rotofermenter. The outcome would only generate a 10% increase in price and the cost-benefit/long-term benefit is nonexistent. In decision making, managers can take on the six thinking hats to solve the problem. The â€Å"black hat† in decision making allows â€Å"participants to identity hazards, risks, and other negative connotations. This is critical thinking, looking for problems and mismatches† (Six Thinking Hats, 2010). His â€Å"black hat† decision making skills should see that a 10% increase over a period of 1 year would only yield $25,000 if it succeeds. Richardson’s third project idea of switching to whole bunch fermentation will cost him too much in wine product spoilage, take away valuable winery space that could be used for extra wine barrels and produce no guaranteed profit if successful. This idea would be beneficial if Richardson would commit to long-term goals of increased staff, especially in the managerial capacity. This would also allow him to focus on perfecting his winemaking process while someone else could focus on day-to-day operations. Works Cited (2010, Aug. 6 ). In Six Thinking Hats. Retrieved Aug. 17, 2010, from http:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Thinking_Hats Hayashi, A. (2001). When to Trust Your Gut. Harvard Business Review, pp. 3-11. Stauffer, D. (2002). How Good Data Leads to Bad Decisions. Harvard Management Update, pp. 1-5. Stryker, P. (1965). Can You Analyze This Problem?. Harvard Business Review, pp. 73-78. West, J. (2000). Delamere Vineyard. Harvard Business School, pp. 1-21.

Case History of Eric B. Essay - 1148 Words

Case History of Eric B. Eric is a 6-year old African-american male who was raised in an impoverished inner city neighborhood in Chicago. Drugs and violence surrounded his daily life. With a single-mother who involved herself in a series of relationships with abusive boyfriends, Eric found himself beat with a belt, and may have been sexually assaulted. His mother was not home that often, and he was forced to sit outside on the stoop so that his grandmother, that also lived with them, could sell drugs. His mother was uneducated and supported the family with her public assistance grant. He has never met his father, and his uncles are in jail. His father was convicted of robbery and drug charges but Eric was told that he was shot to†¦show more content†¦If his mother does not allow him to take iniative then he will feel guilt for his attempts at independence. He may also be in the industry vs. inferiority stage. This means he should be aware of his responsibilities such as homework and chores . He should be able create a sense of industry, if praised and rewarded by his mother. If not, then he will feel inferior. He would also be influenced by his peers and teachers. However, this is merely how is should be, but is not how it is for Eric. Lack of iniative is not the problem. Without a parental figure present, Eric was forced to take on too much iniative and make too many decisions on is own. He feels no guilt in being independent but according to Erikson, should feel inferior due to the lack of praise and reward from his mother. According to Jean Piaget, and his stages of cognitive development, kids construct their knowledge of the world through reorganization and they move to higher levels of psychological functioning. Piaget looked at how kids think of themselves and their environment, when moving through each stage. In these stages, children select what they see and they interpret. In the preoperational stage, ranging from ages 2-7, children should have a mastery of language and use words to represent objects. In this stage, children cannot use developmental capacities systematically. They are quite egocentric,Show MoreRelatedColumbine High School Massacre : The Facts, Theories, Issues, And Solutions Essay1601 Words   |  7 PagesColumbine High School Massacre: The Facts, Theories, Issues, and Solutions On April 20, 1999, one of the largest school shootings in American history took place at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado. Two teens, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, shot and killed 13 people and wounded more than 20 others both before committing suicide. Many believe the two teens decided to hold this school massacre because both were bullied and were outcasts. 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